baldwin



(No Model.) i '3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

o. W. BALDWIN.

\ GAS ENGINE.

No. 276,748. yPafteniaed May, 1,1883.'

N. PETERS. FhalwLilhogmphu. washington LLC.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

0. W. BALDWIN.

i GAS ENGINE. I No. 276,748. Patented Many 1,1883.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

C. w. BALDWIN. v GAS ENGINE. No. 276,748. .l Patented May 1,1883.

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To all whom it may concern:

UNITED STATES PATENT `Fries.

UYRUS 7. BVALDVIN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,`ASSIGNOR TO YVILLIAM E.

HALE, OF SAME PLACE.

GAS-Encina.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent' NQ. 276,748, dated May 1,1883.

l Application filed August l0, 1852. (omodel.)

Be it known that I, GYRUS YV. BALDWIN a citizen of the United States,residing at Ghi-` cago, in thecounty otI Cook, State of Illinois,

'have invented certain new and useful ,Im-`

provements in Gas-Engines, and I do hereby check-valve, h, and also witha curved port,

declare the following' to be a full, clear, and exact description ofsaid improvement, sufcient to enable others skilled inthe art to whichit appertains to practice the same, reference be-` ing llad'to theaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a view in longitudinalsection through the main or explosion cylinder and through thecompressionlcylinder pertaining to the invention. Fig. 2 is a view inplan with boiler-casing partly brokenl away, and Fig. 3 a view in endelevation otitlie engine and attachments embodying my invention.

The invention has for its objectto secure increased etticiency in whatare known as gasengines, and to permit the saine to be started from adistant point without n eed ot' irst moving the engine by hand. Theseobjects are aittained by constructing an apparatus inV man- 11erhereinafter set forth.

Referring to the accompanying draw ings, in which like parts aredesignated by like letters ot' reference, A is the cylinder in which thegaseous mixture is exploded against the trunk piston B, the movement ot'which maybe iinpart'ed by a connecting-rod, b, to a crank-shaft, Uferother object. The cylinder may have a surrounding chamber, a, for thepassage of the fluid used for preventing an undue increase oftemperature. v

- D is the compression-cylinder, of any suitable t'orm and arrangement,communicating through ports d d and aehannel, e, with the cylinder A,the channel e having a checkvalve,f. i In the cylinder D is a piston, E,having a longitudinal opening,g, provided with a spring i, opening toone side and to the yrear oi' the piston, asV shown. The piston E isdriven by an eccentric, E', lever E2, and connecting-rods from the shaftC, or is otherwise reciprocated in any other suitable manner.

Air s drawn into the cylinder I) through an opening, j, and gas is drawnin through an `to one in stroke.

opening, m, as the piston E moves to the rear,

`valves tt closing said openings as the piston indiameter than thecylinder A, the best pro-` portions being about one to two and a half inpiston area (more exactly, 1 2.749) and three that when the main pistonB is at the end ot' its stroke in either direction the piston E willpiston B begins to move forward, the piston E, moving to the rear,willbegin to uncover the port chaud the gas wilipass under pressure into thecylinder A, the piston E then traveling at its highest speed, while thepiston B is at its lowest. iBy thus reducing the stroke ot' thecompression-piston I ain enabled to operate it from an eccentricortappets and avoid the expensive 'and more complicated voperating partsrequisite when a longer stroke is imparted.` The ignition-opening n isuncovered by the piston B when the latter has traveled about one-thirdof its movement, and when the pistou Eis at the end ot' its movement,the 4port c being then closed, the gases exploding, therefore, when attheir` greatest pressure, which :in the engine described will be abouttwo atmospheres.

Any suitable means may be employed forexploding the gases. I prefer,however, a gasjet arranged jat one sideof theopening n, but out ofdirect line therewith, so as not to be extinguished by the issuing jet.By the arrangement described the gases in the cylinder I) are cut oft'from those in the cylinder A at the time ofthe explosion, so'that shouldthe valvefleak no injury will be done to the compression-cylinder. Tofurther guard against injury fromftoo great a pressure, each cylinder isprovidedwith an end opening andI a reliefvaive,-c`. On thereturnmovement ofthe main piston the spent gases are expelled through aport, q, communicating with a channel provided The connections are suchy'be in the center ofits cylinder, so that as the too 2 l even-rs with avalve, s, controlled by a lever, c, operated from any moving part of theengine.

To regulate the speed or power of the engine I provide a governingdevice whereby the sucking or drawing action of `the piston E is reducedin proportion as the speed of the engine increases. leffect this bycirculating the gases from end to end of the cylinder D when the speedbecomes excessive, thereby reducing the indrawing power of the piston.Different means may be employed for effecting this result. I have showna circulating-channel, XV, (dotted lines, Figs. l and 2,) with a valve,Y, connected to or controlled by a governor, H, driven by the engine,the connections being such that the valve Y closes the channel until theengine exceeds its normal speed, when, in proportion to such increase,the channel will be opened and a portion of the gases transferred to thefront end ot' thc cylinder D, thereby reducing the amount of air and gasvdrawn into the latter and weakening the charge until the speed of theengine is reduced to the desired extent.

As the gases exhausted from the main cylinder of a'gas-engine are alwaysat a high temperature, there is ordinarily a great waste of heat, whichheat l utilize by conducting said gases to a boiler, radiator, or otherapparatus whereby the heat may be advantageously emp loyed. A mosteffective utilization of the gases in a gas-engine is one whereby thesaid gases may be made the means of impartingto said gas-engine theinitial movements. Thus the heated waste gases from the cylinder A maypass through the lines of a steam-boiler, I, by which movement isimparted to a steamengine, J, operating upon arms .K K, swinging freelyon the shaft C, and carrying pawls 8 8,

said shaft.

When a cock, I?, in the pipe Q is turned and steam admitted t0 theengine J the shaft C will he rotated, and movement will be imparted tothe gas-engine until, after the first explosion, Vit will continue itsoperations, when the further rotations of the shaft C will continuewithout imparting movement to the steam-engine.

The valve p may be provided with a pulley, M, for receiving thehand-rope t, extending to an elevator-cage or other apparatus ata dis- Atance.

I am aware that it has been proposed to use the heated gases generatedduring the explosion in gas-engines to start the engines, and this I donot claim; and I am also aware that such gases have been injected intowater to create a vapor to operate an auxiliary engine connected to themain engine. My invention is distinguished from these by the fact thatthe hot gases are exhausted directly through the tubes of a boilerwithout back-pressure, and that as only the heat of the gases isemployed no loss vof power results from their sudden condensation.

I do not abandon or dedicate to the public any patentable features setforth herein and not hereinafterclaimed, but reserve the right to. claimthe same either in a reissue of any patent that may be granted upon thisapplication or in other applications for Letters Patent that I may make.

I therefore claim- 1. The combination, in a gas-engine, of the maincylinder A and an independent compression-cylinder of greater area, andpistons and connections whereby the compression-piston is brought to theend of its stroke after the main piston begins its forward movement, andpassages and valve arranged as described, whereby the connection isclosed between the two cylinders prior to the explosion, substantiallyas set forth.

2. Ina gas-engine, a compression-cylinder provided with gas and airreceiving openings at one end, communicating with the workingcylinder atthe other, and provided with a channel for transferring the gases fromone'side of the piston to the other, whereby theirthorough mixture isinsured before the charge is ex-v pelled, substantially as set forth.

3. rlhe combination of the main' and com- Y' pression cylinders,communicating and igniting ports, and check-valve f, all arranged sothat the communicating port will be'closed by the compression-pistonbefore theigniting-port.

ed with a piston, E, having a passage closed by a check-valve and aport, t', extendingto the end and side of the piston, substantially asset forth.

5. The compression-cylinder E, provided with a circulating passage, avalvein said passage, and connections for operating the valve by thevarying speed of the engine, an'd air and gas inlets, substantially asset forth.

6. rlhecombinationof a gasengine in which the piston is propelled by theexplosion ot' gases, a boiler having tubes through which the evans w.BALDWIN.

In presence of GEORGE P. Fisrrea, J r., W. W. ELLIo'rT.

